{"id":22214,"date":"2012-09-13T07:56:06","date_gmt":"2012-09-13T03:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/?p=22214"},"modified":"2012-09-13T08:17:51","modified_gmt":"2012-09-13T04:17:51","slug":"benghazi-attack-romney-gets-it-badly-wrong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/showcase\/benghazi-attack-romney-gets-it-badly-wrong\/","title":{"rendered":"Benghazi Attack: Romney Gets It Badly Wrong"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Predictably, Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney tried to make political hay of the tiny demonstrations in Cairo and Benghazi by Muslim militants. The Benghazi mob turned violent in clashes with police and the consulate ended up being burned and\u00a0the US ambassador and three staffers were killed.<\/p>\n

Romney seized on the frantic tweets of the Cairo embassy issued *before the attacks*, which condemned the sleazy Youtube videos by American Islamophobes that had provoked the ire of the crowds, as\u00a0evidence that the Obama administration was siding<\/a>\u00a0with the attacking mobs. First of all, really? Romney is trying to get elected on the back of a dead US diplomat? Second of all, really? He thinks the State Department thought the attack on themselves was justified? Third of all, really? Romney is selective. When it comes to Christianity,\u00a0Romney decries a \u2018war on religion.\u2019\u00a0<\/a>But apparently he thinks there *should* be a war on Islamic religion. (Except that Romney himself condemned Terry Jones\u2019s Qur\u2019an burning a couple of years ago.) Romney\u2019s intervention (he is just a civilian at the moment) in American foreign policy is unwise and risky, not to mention distasteful.<\/p>\n

The victory in the Libyan elections of nationalist rather than fundamentalist forces, and the rise to power in Egypt of the relatively moderate Muslim Brotherhood has marginalized the militant strain of Muslim activism, known coloquially as \u2018jihadis\u2019 because of their emphasis on vigilante violence. The vigilante fundamentalists were small but dangerous groups in Muammar Qaddafi\u2019s Libya and in Hosni Mubarak\u2019s Egypt, and both governments reacted by attacking them and arbitrarily imprisoning them.<\/p>\n

The vigilante fundamentalists typically reject elections and democracy, as inauthentic Western imports, and they are headline whores, plotting out attention-grabbing mob actions. These jihadis are tiny groups in Egypt and Libya, though sometimes well-armed and well-trained.<\/p>\n

You could make an analogy to the Ku Klux Klan in the United States, which just has perhaps 5,000 active members. But people like\u00a0Wade Michael Page<\/a>, who had applied for Klan membership, can make a media splash by simply shooting down people at e.g. a Sikh Temple.<\/p>\n

One way the fundamentalist vigilantes can hope to combat their marginalization and political irrelevance in the wake of the Arab Spring is to manufacture a controversy that forces people to side with them. I suspect that is what they were doing in Egypt and Libya, in front of the US embassy in Cairo and at the rump consulate in Benghazi.<\/p>\n

That the jihadis could not get bigger crowds up for their demonstrations suggests that they are seen as crackpots by their neighbors. In Libya, their actions may be a catalyst to the new prime minister, to be named today, to spearhead a concerted effort to build new police and army forces on a faster timetable than had the transitional national council. Secular and nationalist Libyans have already announced a peaceful demonstration against the violence at Martyrs\u2019 Square in Benghazi for Wednesday afternoon. I doubt the incidents will have long-term political significance. The Neocons will say they are symptoms of the so-called \u2018Islamic winter\u2019 after the Arab Spring, but that is just a way of making sure Western youth don\u2019t identify (as they did during Tahrir) with Arab youth, marking them as a fundamentalist and threatening Other. There isn\u2019t any \u2018Islamic winter\u2019 in Libya, and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt just barely squeaked by to win the presidency against a secular candidate\u2013 hardly a landslide.<\/p>\n

The pretext for the demonstrations\/ attacks was a youtube film by\u00a0Muslim-hater Sam Bacile, an Israeli-American<\/a>\u00a0\u2018produced\u2019 by provocateur Rev. Terry Jones, he of the Qur\u2019an-burning fame. Things were made worse that two expatriate Coptic Christians are said to have been involved in the film. About ten percent of Egyptians are Christians, and the Muslim militants sometimes attack them. The Israeli right wing and its American supporters have a vested interest in driving a wedge between Americans and the Muslim world, since Muslims on the whole stand against the Israeli colonization of the Palestinian West Bank, the major project of the Israeli right wing. Good relations between the Muslim world and the United States might sway the latter to withdraw support for Israeli expansionism and aggression.<\/p>\n

Although some of the Egyptian demonstrators may have, as Ashraf Khalil argues, sincerely thought that the\u00a0films demeaning the Prophet Muhammad<\/a>\u00a0were being widely shown in American theaters on on television, I think the jihadis\u2019 leadership cynically manufactured this \u2018crisis\u2019 in order to grab headlines and force the post-revolutionary governments to take a stand. If they stood with the Americans, they\u2019d be guilty of blasphemy themselves. If they stood with the jihadis, they\u2019d have surrendered some legitimacy to the latter. There is a third possibility, which is to deploy police or army against the vigilantes on grounds they had disturbed the peace, and simply declaring that the US embassy isn\u2019t responsible for all the nonsense put up on Youtube.<\/p>\n

In Egypt, the small crowd of 1500 just gathered outside the embassy walls (the Cairo embassy is a kind of fortress in the tony Garden City district). At one point they tore down an American flag flying outside the embassy grounds and ran up the black flag favored by militants. (Those black flags are freely sold in Tahrir Square and elsewhere, and aren\u2019t necessarily al-Qaeda flags. They just denote militancy and a desire for a fundamentalist government).\u00a0Al-Masry al-Yawm has photos<\/a>.<\/p>\n

In Benghazi, the\u00a0crowd of militants that gathered at the consulate may have turned violent in response to police or army intervention<\/a>. The consulate was just a building in which the US set up during the Libyan Revolution, when Benghazi was the rebel capital, and which they kept going as a consulate after they reopened the US embassy in Tripoli. I met with a consulate official in early June there, and she wasn\u2019t even sure the US would keep the consulate open. The small crowd in Benghazi turned violent, and at least one of its members had a rocket propelled grenade launcher, which he either loosed against the police and missed, hitting the consulate, or which he targeted the consulate with deliberately. (Hard to know which). The consulate caught fire and burned to the ground, and in the chaotic violence, the ambassador and the three staffers were killed. The killings were vehemently condemned by the Libyan government, which pledged to punish the perpetrators.<\/p>\n

Libya had parliamentary elections in July, in which the Muslim fundamentalists did poorly, with nationalists winning out. Some 20 percent of those elected were women. A couple of neighborhoods in Benghazi are known for their strident fundamentalism, and jihadis did not allow a couple of polling stations in the city to open (though the vast majority of the city voted).<\/p>\n

There is a small militant cell in Benghazi that has some RPGs and grenades. They have attacked the Red Cross offices, a convoy of the British consulate, and set off a pipe bomb in front of the US consulate last month. Most people in Benghazi are appalled by these extremists. The collapse of the authoritarian government of Muammar Qaddafi has left Libya without much in the way of professional police and army, both of which have to be rebuilt as institutions functioning in a democratic republic rather than as narrow instruments of oppression, control and torture.<\/p>\n

What happened in Benghazi was the action of a tiny fringe, sort of like Ku Klux Klan violence in the US. It isn\u2019t typical of the new Libya, and Benghazi is not a lawless or militia-ridden city. One of the narratives of what happened there, in fact, is\u00a0that the police may have been *too* heavy-handed in an attempt to curb the militants\u2019 demonstration,<\/a>\u00a0provoking the latter to bring out their one RPG launcher.<\/p>\n

The crowds both in Egypt and Libya were tiny. Their militancy is not typical of Egypt or Libya today, both of which are struggling toward more democratic forms of governance. In Cairo, there may have been a failure of policing; police in Egypt feel unfairly demonized because they had been seen as bulwarks of the Mubarak regime, and they often decline to show up to their jobs as a result of this low morale. This police foot-dragging has allowed an increase in petty crime, though Cairo is still far safer than most Western cities.<\/p>\n

The government of Egypt is still pretty powerful, and will likely act to curb the militants, as it did in the Sinai recently. A merely fundamentalist president, Muhammad Morsi, probably cannot allow this challenge from the militants to pass. Moreover, this kind of thing is bad for tourism, a major part of the Egyptian economy, which had just begun improving this year after the turmoil of 2011.<\/p>\n

On the other hand, there could be more trouble. The\u00a0Egyptian Actors Guild announced an emergency meeting to study how to respond<\/a>\u00a0to the film smearing the Prophet. It may be that this obscure Youtube video could be taken unduly seriously even by the Egyptian mainstream.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

JUAN COLE: His comments were hasty, distasteful and unwise. Can we afford to have an individual with such poor judgement in the White House? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":70,"featured_media":22238,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,692,82,60,482,135],"tags":[169,10302,472,378,2313,18300,9691,2323,2098,18332,5586,1353,13928,389,6799,2317,1808,2204,3209,5718,14993,1566,399,516,7680,18302,14990,580,365],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22214"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/70"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22214"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22214\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22238"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mideastposts.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}